Volkswagon

In 2013, Volkswagon, the world’s third largest carmaker, announced that the company plans to use CO₂ as the refrigerant of choice in MACs. The decision by VW follows Daimler’s (November 2012) findings that the chemical refrigerant R-1234yf (HFO) is unsafe for use in its cars, and their decision to further invest in the development of CO₂ mobile air conditioning. Volkswagon estimates that 3-5 years will be needed before the commercialization of CO₂ MACs. Other companies exploring the CO₂ option for MACs include: Audi, BMW and Porsche.